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BOOK ORACLE 11G FOR DUMMIES
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SUMMARY
Items Found:
278
Introduction 1
About This Book 1
Who Are You? 2
What’s in This Book 2
Part I: You Don’t Have to Go to Delphi to Know Oracle 2
Part II: Implementing Oracle on Your Own 3
Part III: Caring for an Oracle Database 3
Part IV: Inspecting Advanced Oracle Technologies 3
Part V: The Part of Tens 3
Icons in This Book 4
Where to Go from Here 4
Part I: You Don’t Have to Go to Delphi to Know Oracle 5
Chapter 1: A Pragmatic Introduction to Oracle 7
Introducing a New Kind of Database Management 7
Pooling Resources with Grid Computing 8
Anticipating Technology and Development Trends 9
Meeting Oracle in the Real World 9
Making the Oracle Decision 10
Chapter 2: Understanding Oracle Database Architecture 13
Defi ning Databases and Instances 13
Deconstructing the Oracle Architecture 14
Walking Down Oracle Memory Structures 15
Trotting around the System Global Area 15
Shared pool 16
Database buffer cache 18
Redo log buffer 21
Large pool 22
Java pool 23
Program Global Area 23
Managing Memory 24
Managing memory automatically 24
Following the Oracle Processes 26
Background processes 27
User and server processes 28
Getting into Physical Structures 30
Getting Physical with Files 30
Data fi les: Where the data meets the disk 31
Control fi les 32
Redo log fi les 33
Moving to the archives 35
Server and initialization parameter fi les 36
Applying Some Logical Structures 37
Tablespaces 38
Segments 39
Extents 40
Oracle blocks 41
Chapter 3: Preparing to Implement Oracle in the Real World 43
Understanding Oracle Database Deployment Methodology 44
Client-server applications 44
Muli-tier applications 45
Component confi gurations 48
Checking on the Requirements 49
User and directory requirements 50
Hardware requirements 53
Software requirements 55
Storage requirements 56
Other requirements 58
Part II: Implementing Oracle on Your Own 61
Chapter 4: Creating an Oracle Database 63
Feeling at Home in Your Environment 63
Finding the Oracle software owner 64
Oracle versions 65
Getting to home base 65
ORACLE_BASE 66
ORACLE_HOME 66
ORACLE_SID 67
PATH 67
Sticking with the Oracle Universal Installer and oraenv 68
Confi guring an Instance 70
Using PFILE and SPFILES 70
Setting parameters in the pfi le and spfi le 71
Creating Your Oracle Database 74
Bossing the Database Confi guration Assistant (DBCA) 74
Taking database control 75
Taking the DBCA steps 76
Sharing (a) memory 86
Feeling the Post-Confi guration Glow 87
Chapter 5: Connecting to and Using an Oracle Database 89
Starting and Stopping the Database 89
Environmental requirements 90
Starting the database 92
Stopping the database 96
Connecting to the Database Instance 99
Local versus remote connections 100
Communication fl ow 100
Setting up tnsnames.ora 101
Confi guring the database listener with listener.ora 102
Starting and stopping the database listener 104
Testing the connection 107
Oracle Net Confi guration Assistant 108
Sidestepping Connection Gotchas 108
Chapter 6: Speaking the SQL Language 111
Using SQL in Oracle 111
Sharpening the SQL*Plus Tool 112
Using SQL Connection Commands 113
SQL*Plus Profi le Scripts glogin.sql and login.sql 114
SQL*Plus buffer and commands 115
SQL*Plus commands 115
Getting Help from SQL*Plus 118
SQL language elements 119
Using the Oracle Data Dictionary 121
Getting a PL/SQL Overview 125
Blocking PL/SQL 126
Chapter 7: Populating the Database 129
Creating Tablespaces 130
Creating Users and Schemas 136
Creating Database Objects 140
Object types 140
Object creation methods 143
Part III: Caring for an Oracle Database 147
Chapter 8: Protecting Your Oracle Database 149
Assessing Database Threats 149
Instance failure 149
Oracle code tree 150
Dropped objects 150
Media failure 150
Corruption 151
User error 152
Getting Your Oracle Recovery Manager 152
Starting RMAN 152
Confi guring RMAN 153
RMAN catalog 156
Putting It in the Archives 158
Turning archiving on and off 159
Archive logs 160
Enabling archiving 161
Enabling the Flash Recovery Area 161
Backup File Types with RMAN 164
Backing up with backup sets 165
Making copies 169
Maintaining the Archives 170
Viewing Backup Information 171
Recovering Your Oracle Database 173
Verifying the problem 174
Complete recovery 175
Incomplete recovery 180
Recovering your database with copies 182
Chapter 9: Protecting Your Oracle Data 185
Authentication 185
User authentication 186
Password authentication 187
Operating system authentication 190
Granting the Privileged Few 191
System privileges 192
Object privileges 194
Role Playing 196
Oracle-supplied roles 197
The SYSDBA role 198
Virtual Private Database Concept 198
Auditing Oracle’s Big Brother 198
Getting ready to audit 199
Enabling and disabling audits 202
Auditing system privileges 202
Auditing objects 204
Verifying an audit 205
Viewing audit information 207
Turning off audits 207
Encrypting a Database 208
Chapter 10: Keeping the Database Running 211
Doing Your Chores 211
Making way, checking space 212
Monitoring space in your segments 216
Growing and shrinking: Tricky tables 217
Checking users 223
Audit records 228
System logs 228
Automating Jobs with the Oracle Scheduler 228
Scheduler objects 229
Creating your fi rst scheduler job 230
Using Oracle Data Pump 234
Data Pump Export 235
Data Pump Import 238
Creating Oracle Directories 239
Using Data Pump with a Parameter File 240
Chapter 11: Tuning an Oracle Database 243
Evaluating Tuning Problems 243
Tuning Your Database 246
Gathering Performance Information with Automatic Workload
Repository 247
SQL*Plus method 248
Database Control method 250
Using the Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) 252
Improving Queries with SQL Tuning 255
Explain plan 256
Active Session History (ASH) 258
SQL Access Advisor 259
SQL Tuning Advisor 259
SQL Profi ling and Plan Management 260
10046 trace event 262
Chapter 12: Troubleshooting an Oracle Database 269
Troubleshooting with System Methodology 270
Identifying the real problem 270
Performing basic system checks 272
Performing basic database checks 278
Analyzing error messages 281
Developing and applying a solution 283
Troubleshooting Using Oracle Database Logs 286
Database log infrastructure 286
Database alert log 288
Trace and dump fi les 290
Listener log 291
Benefi ting from Other Diagnostic Utilities 292
Oracle Enterprise Manager 292
Remote Diagnostic Agent 294
Diagnostic database scripts 296
Chapter 13: Monitoring and Managing
with Enterprise Manager 299
Tasting Oracle Enterprise Manager Flavors 300
OEM Java Console 300
OEM Database Control 301
OEM Grid Control 301
Confi guring Enterprise Manager with the DBCA 302
Creating and Managing Database Control Users 303
Working with Metrics and Policies 305
Setting Up Notifi cations 307
Setting Up User Notifi cations 308
Navigating Database Control’s Main Page 311
Inspecting the Database Control main page 311
Accessing other targets 313
Part IV: Inspecting Advanced Oracle Technologies 315
Chapter 14: Flashing Back and Replaying: Advanced Features 317
Rolling Back with Flashback Database 317
Confi guring and enabling a fl ash back 318
Using restore points 320
Flashing back your database 321
Using Flashback Data Archive 322
Oracle Database Replay 324
Using database replay 325
Replaying the workload 326
Chapter 15: Using High-Availability Options 329
Gathering Real Application Clusters 330
Exploring RAC Architecture 331
Hardware considerations for RAC 331
Software considerations for RAC 334
Preparing for a RAC Install 336
Tools for managing a RAC installation 337
Oracle RAC application for high availability 341
Defending Oracle Data Guard 342
Data Guard architecture 342
Physical standby database 344
Logical standby database 347
Performing switchover and failover operations 348
Part V: The Part of Tens 351
Chapter 16: Top Ten Oracle Installation Do’s 353
Read the Documentation 353
Observe the Optimal Flexible Architecture 354
Confi gure Your Profi le 355
Running the Wrong Bit 356
Set umask 356
Become Oracle 357
Stage It 357
Patch It 358
Mind the User and Group IDs 359
Back It Up 360
Chapter 17: Top Ten Database Design Do’s 361
Using Oracle’s Built-In Constraints 361
Spreading Out Your IO 362
Knowing Data Normalization 363
Using Naming Conventions 363
Setting Up Roles and Privileges Properly 364
Keeping Ad-Hoc Queries to a Minimum 364
Enforcing Password Security 364
Limiting the Number of DBAs 365
Storing Code in the Database 365
Testing Your Recovery Strategy 366
Appendix A: Quick Start Install of Oracle 11g
on Linux 369
Setting Up the Operating System 369
Checking your operating system version 370
Checking your kernel version 370
Checking your OS packages 371
Creating Linux operating system groups and users 372
Creating the Oracle Software Owner 372
Confi guring the Linux Kernel Parameters 373
Creating the ORACLE_BASE directory 374
Confi guring the Oracle user’s environment 374
Installing the Oracle 11g database software 375
Index 379