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BOOK ORACLE DATA GUARD 11G HANDBOOK
SUMMARY
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Items Found: 258
- 1 Data Guard Architecture 1
- Data Guard Overview 2
- What Is Redo? 2
- Redo Transport Services 5
- Synchronous Redo Transport 5
- Asynchronous Redo Transport 7
- Redo Transport Compression 9
- Automatic Gap Resolution 9
- Apply Services 11
- Redo Apply (Physical Standby) 12
- SQL Apply (Logical Standby) 15
- Can’t Decide? Then Use Both! 17
- Data Guard Protection Modes 18
- Maximum Performance 18
- Maximum Availability 18
- Maximum Protection 19
- Role Management Services 19
- Switchover 20
- Failover 21
- Data Guard Management 24
- Active Standby Databases 26
- Offload Read-Only Queries and Reporting 26
- Offload Backups 27
- Testing 27
- Data Guard and the Maximum Availability Architecture 29
- Conclusion 29
- 2 Implementing Oracle Data Guard 31
- Plan Before You Implement 32
- Determining Your Requirements 33
- Understanding the Configuration Options 35
- Relating the RPO and RTO to the Protection Mode 62
- Creating a Physical Standby Database 63
- Choosing Your Interface 63
- Before You Start 64
- Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control 65
- The Power User Method 78
- Creating a Logical Standby 98
- Data Guard and Oracle Real Application Clusters 105
- Conclusion 106
- 3 Redo Processing 107
- Important Concepts of Oracle Recovery 108
- ACID Properties 108
- Oracle Recovery 109
- Life of a Transaction 111
- Nologging Operations 111
- The Components of a Physical Standby 114
- Real-time Apply 117
- Scaling and Tuning Data Guard Apply Recovery 118
- Parallel Media Recovery 119
- Tools and Views for Monitoring Physical Standby Recovery 120
- Physical Standby Corruption Detection 124
- 11g New Data Protection Changes 124
- Data Protection and Checking on a Physical Standby 125
- Conclusion 126
- 4 Logical Standby 127
- Characterizing the Dataset Available at the Logical Standby 129
- Characterizing the Dataset Replicated from the Primary Database 129
- Protecting Replicated Tables on a Logical Standby 134
- Customizing Your Logical Standby Database (or Creating
- a Local Dataset at the Logical Standby) 141
- Understanding the Operational Aspects of a Logical Standby 145
- Looking Inside SQL Apply 145
- Tuning SQL Apply 157
- Some Rules of Thumb 158
- Determining Whether SQL Apply Is Lagging 158
- Determining Whether SQL Apply Is the Bottleneck 159
- Determining Which SQL Apply Component Is the Bottleneck 159
- Troubleshooting SQL Apply 164
- Understanding Restarts in SQL Apply 164
- Troubleshooting Stopped SQL Apply 167
- Conclusion 170
- 5 Implementing Oracle Data Guard Broker 171
- Overview of the Data Guard Broker 172
- The Broker Process Model 173
- The Broker Process Flow 174
- The Broker Configuration Files 176
- The Broker CLI 178
- Getting Started with the Broker 179
- Configuring the Broker Parameters 179
- The Broker and Oracle Net Services 183
- RAC and the Broker 187
- Connecting to the Broker 190
- Managing Data Guard with the Broker 193
- Creating and Enabling a Broker Configuration 193
- Changing the Broker Configuration Properties 200
- Changing the State of a Database 211
- Changing the Protection Mode 212
- Monitoring Data Guard Using the Broker 214
- Removing the Broker 216
- Conclusion 217
- 6 Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control Integration 219
- Accessing the Data Guard Features 220
- Configuring Data Guard Broker with OEM Grid Control 221
- Verify Configuration and Adding Standby Redo Logs 224
- Viewing Metrics 226
- Modifying Metrics 227
- Viewing the Alert Log File 228
- Enabling Flashback Database 230
- Reviewing Performance 231
- Changing Protection Modes 234
- Editing Standby Database Properties 236
- Performing a Switchover 238
- Performing a Manual Failover 240
- Fast-Start Failover 243
- Creating a Logical Standby 244
- Managing Active Standby 250
- Managing Snapshot Standby 250
- Removing a Standby Database from Broker Control 250
- Keeping an Eye on Availability 252
- Conclusion 255
- 7 Monitoring Data Guard Implementations 257
- Monitoring the Data Guard Environment 258
- Mining the Alert Log File (PS+LS) 259
- Gathering Statistical Information from Archive Log History (PS+LS) 264
- Detecting Archive Log Gaps (PS+LS) 266
- Identifying Delays in Redo Transport (PS) 268
- Monitoring Archive Log Destinations (PS+LS) 269
- Examining Apply Rate and Active Rate (PS) 271
- Reviewing Transport and Apply Lag (PS+LS) 272
- Determining the Current Time on the Standby Database (PS) 273
- Reporting the Status of Managed Recovery Process (PS) 275
- Data Guard Menu Utility 276
- Reviewing the Current Data Guard Environment 277
- Checking the Password File (PS+LS) 278
- Checking for Nologging Activities (PS+LS) 279
- Looking at Archivelog Mode and Destinations (PS+LS) 282
- Checking Standby File Management (PS) 284
- Revealing Errors in the Data Guard Status View (PS) 284
- Logical Standby Data Guard Menu 285
- Conclusion 297
- 8 Switchover and Failover 299
- Introduction to Role Transition 300
- Switchover 300
- Failover 302
- Switchover vs Failover 309
- Flashback Technologies and Data Guard 309
- Performing a Switchover 311
- Configuration Completeness Check 311
- Preparatory Checks 311
- Preprocessing Steps 314
- Switching over to a Physical Standby 315
- Switching over to a Logical Standby 320
- Using the Broker or Grid Control to Switchover 323
- Switchover Health Check 324
- Performing a Failover 324
- Failing over to a Physical Standby 326
- Failing over to a Logical Standby 328
- Bringing Back the Old Primary 329
- Using the Broker or Grid Control to Failover 334
- Automatic Failover 335
- A Final Word on Multiple Standbys 348
- Conclusion 348
- 9 Active Data Guard 349
- Physical Standby—Open Read-Only 350
- Why Read-Only? 351
- The Downside of Read-Only or Read-Write Mode 352
- Snapshot Standby for QA and Test Environments 353
- Read Write Standby in Oracle Database 10g 353
- Snapshot Standbys in Oracle Database 11g 357
- Real Application Testing 364
- Database Replay 365
- SQL Performance Analyzer 370
- Active Data Guard 371
- Configuring Active Data Guard 374
- Conclusion 376
- 10 Automating Site and Client Failover 377
- Defining the Problem 378
- Complete Site Failover 378
- Partial Site Failover 379
- The Nitty Gritty 379
- Connection Load Balancing and Connect Time Failover 380
- Outbound Connect Timeout 381
- Transparent Application Failover 382
- Fast Application Notification 384
- The DB_ROLE_CHANGE System Event 386
- Implementing Client Failover 387
- Complete Site Failover Configuration 387
- Conclusion 394
- 11 Minimizing Planned Downtime Using Data Guard Switchover 395
- Overview of Planned Migration 396
- Leveraging Data Guard Switchover for Planned Migration 397
- Case 1–New Data Center 397
- Case 2–Move to ASM 397
- Performing a Database Rolling Upgrade Using Data Guard 398
- Leveraging Rolling Upgrades Using SQL Apply 399
- Rolling Upgrades Using Transient Logical Standby 402
- Conclusion 408
- 12 Backup and Recovery Considerations 409
- RMAN Basics 410
- RMAN Integration with Data Guard 411
- Block Change Tracking Support 411
- Control File Management 412
- Resynchronizing the RMAN Catalog 412
- RMAN Configuration in Data Guard 412
- Example Configuration for a Primary Database 414
- Example Configuration for a Backup Standby Database 415
- Example Configuration for Other Physical Standby Databases 415
- Backup Strategies 415
- Backup Scenarios 417
- Backup Database Not Backed Up 417
- Full Backups on Primary 417
- Backup as Copy 419
- Image Copy Rolled Forward 420
- Standby Database Creation 423
- Backups on a Standby Database 423
- Archive Backups 426
- General Recovery Strategies 426
- Media Failure 426
- Block Corruption 426
- User Errors 429
- Recovery Scenarios 430
- Loss of a Datafile on a Primary Database 430
- Loss of a Datafile on a Standby Database 431
- Loss of Standby Controlfile 432
- Loss of Primary Controlfile 432
- Loss of an Online Redo Log File 432
- Incomplete Recovery of the Primary Database 436
- Recovering from a Dropped Table 437
- Recover a Missing Datafile from a Backup Taken on the Standby 437
- General Best Practices 440
- Conclusion 441
- 13 Troubleshooting Data Guard 443
- Diagnostic Information 444
- Database Alert Logs 444
- Observer Log Files 447
- Data Guard Trace Files 447
- Data Guard Broker Log Files and Tools 448
- Dynamic Performance Views 449
- Data Guard Configuration and Management Errors 450
- Common Management Issues 450
- Physical Standby Issues 456
- Logical Standby Database Failures 459
- Switchover Issues 461
- Failover Issues 463
- Data Guard Broker Issues 464
- Errors Converting to a Snapshot Standby 468
- Helpful Hints and Tips 468
- Avoid Refreshing the Standby Control File 468
- Avoid Using the NOLOGGING Clause 468
- OMF—Copying Control File 469
- Conclusion 470
- 14 Deployment Architectures 471
- Manufacturing Company: HA Configuration 473
- Utility Company: Zero Data Loss HA/DR 476
- Retail Brokerage Firm: HA/DR with Zero Data Loss and
- Extended Geographic Separation 478
- Government Agency: Protection from Multi-site Threats 480
- Pharmaceutical Company: Centralized HA/DR and Data Distribution 483
- Web Retailer: HA/DR with Reader-farm Scale Out 484
- Insurance Company: Maximum Availability Architecture 486
- Conclusion 488
- A Data Guard vs Array-based Remote Mirroring Solutions 491
- The Basics 492
- Topology 493
- Performance 493
- Reliability 494
- Final Thoughts 495
- Index 497
