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BOOK ORACLE DATABASE 12C DBA HANDBOOK
SUMMARY
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Items Found: 533
- PART I
- Database Architecture
- 1 Getting Started with the Oracle Architecture 3
- 2 Upgrading to Oracle Database 12c 51
- 3 Planning and Managing Tablespaces 61
- 4 Physical Database Layouts and Storage Management 77
- PART II
- Database Management
- 5 Developing and Implementing Applications 117
- 6 Monitoring Space Usage 157
- 7 Managing Transactions with Undo Tablespaces 209
- 8 Database Tuning 245
- 9 In-Memory Option 293
- 10 Database Security and Auditing 303
- 11 Multitenant Database Architecture 371
- PART III
- High Availability
- 12 Real Application Clusters 441
- 13 Backup and Recovery Options 453
- 14 Using Recovery Manager (RMAN) 481
- vii
- 15 Oracle Data Guard 537
- 16 Miscellaneous High Availability Features 559
- PART IV
- Networked Oracle
- 17 Oracle Net 577
- 18 Managing Large Databases 611
- 19 Managing Distributed Databases 657
- Index 697
- PART I
- Database Architecture
- 1 Getting Started with the Oracle Architecture 3
- An Overview of Databases and Instances 4
- Databases 5
- Instances 5
- Oracle Logical Storage Structures 6
- Tablespaces 6
- Blocks 7
- Extents 7
- Segments 7
- Oracle Logical Database Structures 8
- Tables 9
- Constraints 16
- Indexes 18
- Views 20
- Users and Schemas 22
- Profiles 22
- Sequences 23
- Synonyms 23
- PL/SQL 23
- External File Access 24
- Database Links and Remote Databases 25
- Oracle Physical Storage Structures 26
- Datafiles 27
- Redo Log Files 27
- ix
- x Oracle Database 12c DBA Handbook
- Control Files 28
- Archived Log Files 28
- Initialization Parameter Files 28
- Alert and Trace Log Files 29
- Backup Files 30
- Oracle Managed Files 30
- Password Files 30
- Multiplexing Database Files 31
- Automatic Storage Management 31
- Manual Multiplexing 31
- Oracle Memory Structures 33
- System Global Area 33
- Program Global Area 36
- Software Code Area 36
- Background Processes 37
- Backup/Recovery Overview 39
- Export/Import 39
- Offline Backups 40
- Online Backups 40
- RMAN 40
- Security Capabilities 41
- Privileges and Roles 41
- Auditing 41
- Fine-Grained Auditing 42
- Virtual Private Database 42
- Label Security 42
- Real Application Clusters 42
- Oracle Streams 43
- Oracle Enterprise Manager 43
- Oracle Initialization Parameters 44
- Basic Initialization Parameters 44
- Advanced Initialization Parameters 49
- Summary 49
- 2 Upgrading to Oracle Database 12c 51
- Choosing an Upgrade Method 53
- Before Upgrading 54
- Using the Database Upgrade Assistant 55
- Performing a Manual Direct Upgrade 56
- Using Data Pump Export and Import 58
- Export and Import Versions to Use 58
- Performing the Upgrade 58
- Using the Data-Copying Method 59
- After Upgrading 60
- Summary 60
- 3 Planning and Managing Tablespaces 61
- Tablespace Architecture 62
- Tablespace Types 62
- Optimal Flexible Architecture 68
- Oracle Installation Tablespaces 73
- SYSTEM 74
- SYSAUX 74
- TEMP 74
- UNDOTBS1 74
- USERS 75
- EXAMPLE 75
- Segment Segregation 75
- Summary 76
- 4 Physical Database Layouts and Storage Management 77
- Traditional Disk Space Storage 78
- Resizing Tablespaces and Datafiles 78
- Moving Datafiles 86
- Moving Online Redo Log Files 90
- Moving Control Files 91
- Automatic Storage Management 93
- ASM Architecture 94
- Creating an ASM Instance 94
- ASM Instance Components 97
- ASM Dynamic Performance Views 99
- ASM Filename Formats 99
- ASM File Types and Templates 102
- Administering ASM Disk Groups 102
- Summary 114
- PART II
- Database Management
- 5 Developing and Implementing Applications 117
- Tuning by Design: Best Practices 118
- Do As Little As Possible 119
- Do It As Simply As Possible 121
- Tell the Database What It Needs to Know 123
- Maximize the Throughput in the Environment 124
- Divide and Conquer Your Data 124
- Test Correctly 125
- Standard Deliverables 127
- Resource Management 130
- Implementing the Database Resource Manager 130
- Sizing Database Objects 135
- Using Global Temporary Tables 142
- Supporting Tables Based on Abstract Datatypes 142
- Using Object Views 143
- Security for Abstract Datatypes 146
- Indexing Abstract Datatype Attributes 148
- Quiescing and Suspending the Database 149
- Supporting Iterative Development 151
- Iterative Column Definitions 151
- Forcing Cursor Sharing 152
- Managing Package Development 153
- Generating Diagrams 153
- Space Requirements 153
- Tuning Goals 153
- Security Requirements 153
- Data Requirements 154
- Version Requirements 154
- Execution Plans 154
- Acceptance Test Procedures 154
- The Testing Environment 155
- Summary 155
- 6 Monitoring Space Usage 157
- Common Space Management Problems 158
- Running Out of Free Space in a Tablespace 159
- Insufficient Space for Temporary Segments 159
- Too Much or Too Little Undo Space Allocated 159
- Fragmented Tablespaces and Segments 160
- Oracle Segments, Extents, and Blocks 161
- Data Blocks 161
- Extents 163
- Segments 164
- Data Dictionary Views and Dynamic Performance Views 165
- DBA_TABLESPACES 165
- DBA_SEGMENTS 166
- DBA_EXTENTS 166
- DBA_FREE_SPACE 167
- DBA_LMT_FREE_SPACE 167
- DBA_THRESHOLDS 167
- DBA_OUTSTANDING_ALERTS 168
- DBA_OBJECT_USAGE 168
- DBA_ALERT_HISTORY 168
- V$ALERT_TYPES 169
- V$UNDOSTAT 169
- V$SORT_SEGMENT 169
- V$TEMPSEG_USAGE 170
- Space Management Methodologies 170
- Locally Managed Tablespaces 170
- Using OMF to Manage Space 172
- Bigfile Tablespaces 173
- Automatic Storage Management 174
- Undo Management Considerations 176
- SYSAUX Monitoring and Usage 177
- Archived Redo Log File Management 179
- Built-in Space Management Tools 179
- Segment Advisor 179
- Undo Advisor and the Automatic Workload Repository 182
- Index Usage 184
- Space Usage Warning Levels 185
- Resumable Space Allocation 187
- Managing Alert and Trace Files with ADR 190
- OS Space Management 193
- Space Management Scripts 193
- Segments That Cannot Allocate Additional Extents 193
- Used and Free Space by Tablespace and Datafile 194
- Automating and Streamlining the Notification Process 195
- Using DBMS_SCHEDULER 195
- Cloud Control and Monitoring 196
- Summary 207
- 7 Managing Transactions with Undo Tablespaces 209
- Transaction Basics 210
- Undo Basics 211
- Rollback 211
- Read Consistency 211
- Database Recovery 212
- Flashback Operations 212
- Managing Undo Tablespaces 212
- Creating Undo Tablespaces 212
- Undo Tablespace Dynamic Performance Views 219
- Undo Tablespace Initialization Parameters 219
- Multiple Undo Tablespaces 221
- Sizing and Monitoring the Undo Tablespace 223
- Read Consistency vs. Successful DML 227
- Flashback Features 227
- Flashback Query 228
- DBMS_FLASHBACK 230
- Flashback Transaction Backout 232
- Flashback Table 232
- Flashback Version Query 234
- Flashback Transaction Query 237
- xiv Oracle Database 12c DBA Handbook
- Flashback Data Archive 238
- Flashback and LOBs 242
- Migrating to Automatic Undo Management 242
- Summary 243
- 8 Database Tuning 245
- Tuning Application Design 247
- Effective Table Design 247
- Distribution of CPU Requirements 248
- Effective Application Design 249
- Tuning SQL 251
- Impact of Order on Load Rates 252
- Additional Indexing Options 253
- Generating Explain Plans 254
- Tuning Memory Usage 257
- Managing SGA Pools 257
- Specifying the Size of the SGA 260
- Using the Cost-Based Optimizer 261
- Tuning Data Access 262
- Identifying Chained Rows 262
- Using Index-Organized Tables 263
- Tuning Issues for Index-Organized Tables 264
- Tuning Data Manipulation 265
- Bulk Inserts: Using the SQL*Loader Direct Path Option 265
- Bulk Data Moves: Using External Tables 267
- Bulk Inserts: Common Traps and Successful Tricks 267
- Bulk Deletes: The TRUNCATE Command 268
- Using Partitions 269
- Reducing Network Traffic 270
- Replication of Data Using Materialized Views 270
- Using Remote Procedure Calls 272
- Using the Automatic Workload Repository 273
- Managing Snapshots 274
- Managing Baselines 274
- Generating AWR Reports 274
- Running the Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor Reports 275
- Using Automatic SQL Tuning Advisor 275
- Performance Tuning in a Multitenant Environment 277
- Tuning Methodology 279
- Sizing the CDB 279
- Using Memory Advisors 282
- Leveraging AWR Reports 283
- Using the SQL Tuning Advisor 283
- Managing Resource Allocation Within a PDB 284
- Using Shares to Manage Inter-PDB Resources 284
- Creating and Modifying Resource Manager Plans 284
- Performing Database Replay 289
- Analyze the Source Database Workloads 289
- Capture Source Database Workloads 290
- Process Workloads on Target System 290
- Replay Workloads on Target CDB 290
- Verify Replay Results 290
- Summary 290
- 9 In-Memory Option 293
- Overview of Oracle In-Memory Option 294
- System Requirements and Setup 294
- In-Memory Case Study 295
- Data Dictionary Views 299
- V$IM_SEGMENTS 299
- V$INMEMORY_AREA 300
- V$SGA 300
- Summary 301
- 10 Database Security and Auditing 303
- Non-database Security 305
- Database Authentication Methods 305
- Database Authentication 306
- Database Administrator Authentication 306
- Operating System Authentication 309
- Network Authentication 310
- 3-Tier Authentication 312
- Client-Side Authentication 312
- User Accounts 313
- Database Authorization Methods 318
- Profile Management 319
- System Privileges 326
- Object Privileges 329
- Creating, Assigning, and Maintaining Roles 333
- Using a VPD to Implement Application Security Policies 340
- Auditing 358
- Auditing Locations 358
- Statement Auditing 360
- Privilege Auditing 364
- Schema Object Auditing 365
- Fine-Grained Auditing 366
- Auditing-Related Data Dictionary Views 368
- Protecting the Audit Trail 368
- Data Encryption Techniques 369
- DBMS_CRYPTO Package 369
- Transparent Data Encryption 369
- Summary 370
- 11 Multitenant Database Architecture 371
- Understanding the Multitenant Architecture 373
- Leveraging Multitenant Databases 373
- Understanding Multitenant Configurations 374
- Provisioning in a Multitenant Environment 376
- Understanding Pluggable Database Provisioning 376
- Configuring and Creating a CDB 379
- Understanding New Data Dictionary Views: The Sequel 384
- Creating PDBs 387
- Unplugging and Dropping a PDB 392
- Managing CDBs and PDBs 395
- Understanding CDB and PDB Service Names 395
- Connecting to a CDB or PDB Using SQL Developer 396
- Creating Services for CDBs or PDBs 397
- Switching Connections Within a CDB 398
- Starting Up and Shutting Down CDBs and PDBs 399
- Changing Parameters in a CDB 406
- Manage Permanent and Temporary Tablespaces in CDB and PDBs 407
- Multitenant Security 410
- Managing Common and Local Users 410
- Managing Common and Local Privileges 412
- Managing Common and Local Roles 413
- Enabling Common Users to Access Data in Specific PDBs 414
- Backup and Recovery in Multitenant Environments 416
- Performing Backups of a CDB and All PDBs 416
- Backing Up CDBs 420
- Backing Up PDBs 422
- Recovering from PDB Datafile Loss 424
- Using the Data Recovery Advisor 432
- Identifying Block Corruption 436
- Duplicating PDBs Using RMAN 437
- Summary 438
- PART III
- High Availability
- 12 Real Application Clusters 441
- Overview of Real Application Clusters 442
- Hardware Configuration 443
- Software Configuration 443
- Network Configuration 443
- Disk Storage 444
- RAC Characteristics 444
- Server Parameter File Characteristics 445
- RAC-Related Initialization Parameters 446
- Dynamic Performance Views 446
- RAC Maintenance 448
- Starting Up a RAC 448
- Redo Logs in a RAC Environment 448
- Undo Tablespaces in a RAC Environment 449
- Failover Scenarios and TAF 449
- Tuning a RAC Node 451
- Summary 451
- 13 Backup and Recovery Options 453
- Backup Capabilities 454
- Logical Backups 454
- Physical Backups 455
- Offline Backups 455
- Online Backups 456
- Using Data Pump Export and Import 457
- Creating a Directory 457
- Data Pump Export Options 458
- Starting a Data Pump Export Job 462
- Data Pump Import Options 466
- Implementing Offline Backups 474
- Implementing Online Backups 475
- Getting Started 475
- Performing Online Database Backups 477
- Integration of Backup Procedures 478
- Integration of Logical and Physical Backups 478
- Integration of Database and Operating System Backups 479
- Summary 480
- 14 Using Recovery Manager (RMAN) 481
- RMAN Features and Components 482
- RMAN Components 483
- RMAN vs. Traditional Backup Methods 484
- Backup Types 486
- Overview of RMAN Commands and Options 487
- Running SQL Commands in RMAN 487
- Frequently Used Commands 488
- Setting Up a Repository 490
- Registering a Database 491
- Persisting RMAN Settings 493
- Initialization Parameters 497
- Data Dictionary and Dynamic Performance Views 498
- Backup Operations 500
- Full Database Backups 500
- Tablespace Backups 503
- Datafile Backups 506
- Image Copy Backups 506
- Control File, SPFILE Backup 507
- Archived Redo Log Backup 509
- Incremental Backups 509
- Incrementally Updated Backups 511
- Incremental Backup Block Change Tracking 513
- Using a Fast Recovery Area 515
- Validating Backups 516
- Recovery Operations 519
- Block Media Recovery 519
- Restoring a Control File 520
- Restoring a Tablespace 520
- Restoring a Table 522
- Restoring a Datafile 524
- Restoring an Entire Database 524
- Validating Restore Operations 525
- Point-in-Time Recovery 527
- Data Recovery Advisor 527
- Miscellaneous Operations 531
- Cataloging Other Backups 531
- Catalog Maintenance 532
- REPORT and LIST 533
- Summary 534
- 15 Oracle Data Guard 537
- Data Guard Architecture 538
- Physical vs. Logical Standby Databases 539
- Data Protection Modes 539
- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n Parameter Attributes 540
- Creating the Standby Database Configuration 542
- Preparing the Primary Database 543
- Creating Logical Standby Databases 547
- Using Real-Time Apply 549
- Managing Gaps in Archive Log Sequences 550
- Managing Roles: Switchovers and Failovers 550
- Switchovers 550
- Failovers 554
- Administering the Databases 555
- Startup and Shutdown of Physical Standby Databases 555
- Opening Physical Standby Databases in Read-Only Mode 556
- Managing Datafiles in Data Guard Environments 556
- Performing DDL on a Logical Standby Database 557
- Summary 557
- 16 Miscellaneous High Availability Features 559
- Recovering Dropped Tables Using Flashback Drop 560
- The Flashback Database Command 562
- Using LogMiner 564
- How LogMiner Works 565
- Extracting the Data Dictionary 565
- Analyzing One or More Redo Log Files 566
- Online Object Reorganization 569
- Creating Indexes Online 570
- Rebuilding Indexes Online 570
- Coalescing Indexes Online 570
- Rebuilding Index-Organized Tables Online 570
- Redefining Tables Online 570
- Moving a Datafile Online 572
- Summary 573
- PART IV
- Networked Oracle
- 17 Oracle Net 577
- Overview of Oracle Net 578
- Connect Descriptors 581
- Net Service Names 582
- Replacing tnsnames.ora with Oracle Internet Directory 583
- Listeners 583
- Using the Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 588
- Configuring the Listener 588
- Naming Methods Configuration 590
- Local Net Service Name Configuration 590
- Directory Usage Configuration 591
- Using the Oracle Net Manager 592
- Starting the Listener Server Process 594
- Controlling the Listener Server Process 596
- The Oracle Connection Manager 598
- Using the Oracle Connection Manager 599
- Configuring the Oracle Connection Manager 600
- Using the Connection Manager Control Utility (CMCTL) 601
- Directory Naming with Oracle Internet Directory 603
- Oracle Internet Directory Architecture 603
- Setting Up an Oracle Internet Directory 604
- Using Easy Connect Naming 604
- Using Database Links 605
- Tuning Oracle Net 607
- Limiting Resource Usage 608
- Using Compression 609
- Debugging Connection Problems 609
- Summary 610
- 18 Managing Large Databases 611
- Creating Tablespaces in a VLDB Environment 613
- Bigfile Tablespace Basics 613
- Creating and Modifying Bigfile Tablespaces 614
- Bigfile Tablespace ROWID Format 615
- DBMS_ROWID and Bigfile Tablespaces 616
- Using DBVERIFY with Bigfile Tablespaces 618
- Bigfile Tablespace Initialization Parameter Considerations 619
- Bigfile Tablespace Data Dictionary Changes 620
- Advanced Oracle Table Types 620
- Index-Organized Tables 621
- Global Temporary Tables 622
- External Tables 624
- Partitioned Tables 625
- Materialized Views 652
- Using Bitmap Indexes 653
- Understanding Bitmap Indexes 653
- Using Bitmap Indexes 654
- Using Bitmap Join Indexes 654
- Summary 655
- 19 Managing Distributed Databases 657
- Remote Queries 659
- Remote Data Manipulation: Two-Phase Commit 660
- Dynamic Data Replication 661
- Managing Distributed Data 662
- The Infrastructure: Enforcing Location Transparency 663
- Managing Database Links 667
- Managing Database Triggers 669
- Managing Materialized Views 670
- Using DBMS_MVIEW and DBMS_ADVISOR 674
- What Kind of Refreshes Can Be Performed? 685
- Using Materialized Views to Alter Query Execution Paths 689
- Managing Distributed Transactions 690
- Resolving In-Doubt Transactions 691
- Commit Point Strength 691
- Monitoring Distributed Databases 692
- Tuning Distributed Databases 693
- Summary 695
